A Mini-Review on Syngas Fermentation to Bio-Alcohols: Current Status and Challenges

Biomass gasification produces syngas, mainly comprised of CO and H2 along with H2S, CO2, N2, tar compounds. Inorganic carbon present in syngas as CO2 can be utilized for the production several value-added chemicals including ethanol, higher alcohols, fuels, hydrogen. However, chemical sequestration operates at a high temperature 300–500 °C pressure 3–5 MPa presence heavy metal catalysts. Catalyst regeneration maintenance increased cost operation. Microorganisms like algae bacteria Acetobacterium Clostridium also have potential to sequester from gas phase. Research has emphasized microbial metabolites market value syngas. scale-up commercialization technology some obstacles inefficient mass transfer, contamination, inconsistency composition, requirement clean-up process. The current review summarizes recent advances utilization special consideration alcohol energy-related products challenges scale-up.